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Amino Acid

How does the amino acid sequence affect protein folding and bonding?

I want to know how changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein molecule affect its final form. Are there any amino acids which should not be aligned adjacent to one another....that sort of thing.

Hm, looks like no one who's qualified is giving you a good answer, so... hey, I'm not qualified and I won't give you one either! LOL.

Okay. You know that the primary structure, the sequence, of your polypeptide was coded for by the mRNA and assembled by the ribosome.

Right off the bat, if it incorporates proline, it's going to have a kink or turn in it. Proline is actually an imino acid, and its configuration is "bent" compared with the amino acids.

Now then. Incorporation of cysteine can lead to formation of disulfide bonds -- your polypeptide chain can "double back" on itself by having two cysteines bonded to each other. Or it can bond with another polypeptide chain. Insulin, for instance, comprises two polypeptide chains that are connected to each other via two disulfide bonds. It is so totally warped!

Okay. The forces of water "wanting" to bond to itself may force hydrophobic R groups in your polypeptide chain to be bent into proximity with each other. Conversely, charged or polar R groups may be bent to the "outside" of the protein.

You already know about "steric hindrance."

Chaperone proteins can provide an environment in which your protein is brought to a folded state.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaperone_proteins

I consider chaperone proteins to be, ahem, strange and wonderful. You might too.

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